Ancient Era (2000 BCE - 500 CE)
The first Jews arrived in India during the reign of King Solomon (970-930 AD). Trade in ivory, peacock feathers, and spices.
- Jewish traders and merchants settled in Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Maharashtra.
- The Cochin Jewish community in Kerala dates to 562 BCE.
- The Bene Israel of the Konkan Coast is believed to have arrived before the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem in 70 CE.
Historical Timelines & Maps
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Medieval Era (500 - 1500 AD)
Radanite Jewish traders were active in the Indian Ocean trade during the 9th century CE.
The medieval Jewish traders from West Asia and North Africa began visiting port cities on the west coast of the Indian Subcontinent.
The Bene Israel community in Maharashtra emerged during this period.
Jewish settlements thrived in Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Kerala.
Mughal Era (1500 - 1800 AD)
Jews from the Middle East and Europe arrived in India. Their first settlement is in the Mughal port of Surat.
The Mughal Empire's tolerance allowed Jewish communities to flourish.
Jewish physicians, merchants, and intellectuals played significant roles in Mughal courts.
The Paradesi (Foreign) Jews from Europe and West Asia settle in the princely kingdom of Cochin
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British Era (1800 - 1947 AD)
British colonialism brings new Jewish immigrants from Europe.
the Baghdadi Jewish communities in Mumbai and Kolkata emerge.
Bombay’s first synagogue Shaar Ha Rahamim (1796) is established on Samuel Street, Mandvi
Bombay’s first Baghdadi synagogue Magen David (1860) was built by David Sassoon in Byculla
Karachi’s first synagogue Magen Shalome (1893) is inaugurated
Jewish schools, synagogues, and organizations were established.
Post-Independence (1947 AD - present) *
India's independence results in a decline in its Jewish population due to emigration.
The Indian Jewish community continues to maintain its unique traditions and cultural identity. Efforts are being made to preserve Jewish heritage sites and cultural artifacts.